All information contained on the Australian Pain Management Association’s website and in communications from the Australian Pain Management Association Inc. (APMA) is made available with the express understanding that the Australian Pain Management Association is not engaged in rendering specific medical advice or recommendations. The contents of the website and all communications are provided for informational purposes only and as a benefit and service in furtherance of the APMA mission, vision and objectives. This information is provided to enable people with persistent (chronic) pain, their families and carers to better understand their health, symptoms and diagnosed conditions. It should not be used as a substitute for consultations with qualified health care professionals to meet your specific condition and needs. You should always consult a qualified and registered medical professional for diagnosis and for answers to specific questions and concerns you have regarding your medical condition. No patient- doctor or patient-healthcare relationship is intended to be created by the Australian Pain Management Association making this information available.